Lake Worth Beach, FL — City Manager Interview Dossier

1. Executive Snapshot

Population class. Small-mid Florida coastal city of ~43,365 (ACS 2024 5-yr) on the Atlantic side of Palm Beach County, ~7 mi south of West Palm Beach. Seven square miles, ~7,358 people/sq mi — dense urban fabric, not sprawl. ✓

Form of government. Commission-Manager since 1913; five nonpartisan commissioners (mayor citywide + Districts 1-4) on staggered three-year terms; mayor presides but has no executive authority distinct from peers. ✓

Current commission (April 2026).

• Mayor Betty Resch (re-elected June 2024; term ends 2027)
• Vice Mayor Sarah Malega (District 1; term ends 2027 — announced she will NOT seek re-election)
• Christopher McVoy (District 2; term ends 2028)
• Mimi May (District 3; term ends 2027)
• Anthony Segrich (District 4; term ends 2028 — newest, elected March 2025)

Top-3 fiscal facts.

1. FY26 proposed budget: $215.4M all-funds / $53.6M General Fund; millage held flat at 5.4945 for the fourth consecutive year. GF revenue grew +13% over three years on flat millage as taxable values rose. ✓ (FY26 1st Public Hearing PDF p.20)
2. ~31% of the General Fund is funded by transfers from the city's own utility enterprises. Electric alone sends ~$7.87M to GF in FY26 (14.7% of GF revenue). Without the utility, millage would need to be roughly 2 mills higher. ✓ (FY26 budget book p.33)
3. Moody's upgraded utility revenue debt from A2 to A1 (stable) in June 2025; aggregate pension funded ratio jumped to 71.2% (FY24). ✓ (Moody's via FMEA)

Top-3 current issues.

1. The CM vacancy is the story. Carmen Davis fired 3-2 without cause Dec 11, 2023. Jamie Brown (PWD) served interim 28 months → resigned April 21, 2026 under pressure from Segrich → Troy Perry (former ACM) is current Interim CM. Permanent search at $285K-$345K is the third-most-watched FL CM search in 2026.
2. Voters crushed both March 2026 charter referendums (~79% no on Q2, ~77% no on Q3) — would have given commission unilateral 99-year-lease authority over the beach, casino, and golf course. H.O.R.I.Z.O.N. ($355.6M Copperline / Nicklaus / Hyatt oceanfront proposal) was withdrawn October 2025. Major redevelopment is politically dead until the next election cycle.
3. State preemption stack: SB 1134 (anti-DEI, full effect Jan 2027 — already triggered Compass Community Center dispute), HB 1365 (public-camping ban with private right of action since Jan 2025 — Bryant Park risk), STR preemption (~456 illegal short-term rentals operating unchecked under the city's grandfathered 60-day minimum stay rule).

One number to know cold. ~31% — the share of the General Fund funded by the city's own utility enterprises (electric, water, sewer, stormwater, refuse PILOT + 6% franchise fee). The electric utility alone contributes ~$7.87M (14.7% of GF). Every rate decision is a GF revenue decision.

2. The Position & The Predecessor

The Lake Worth Beach city manager seat has been vacant on a permanent basis for two years and five months as of May 2026, the longest such gap in city history. Understanding why requires understanding three sequential events.

The Davis firing (December 11, 2023). Carmen Davis was hired November 2021 from a county-administrator role in Mississippi to replace Michael Bornstein (who resigned June 2021 after ~7 years). At a noticed special meeting advertised as a performance evaluation on December 11, 2023, the commission voted 3-2 to terminate Davis without cause after a heated three-hour evaluation. ✓ (WLRN; CBS12)

• For termination (3): Commissioner Kim Stokes (moved), Vice Mayor Christopher McVoy, Commissioner Reinaldo Diaz.
• Against (2): Mayor Betty Resch, Commissioner Sarah Malega.

Stated grounds were "serious employee concerns" (McVoy: Davis "may spend long hours working, but they are not effective"), the September 2023 Head Start eviction (which brought 20+ parents to an October meeting in protest), and general performance/communication complaints. Mayor Resch's most-quoted line in the meeting: "There's been a target on your back for quite some time. And tonight is an example of the fruition of that target." Davis was paid roughly $200,000 per the Palm Beach Post.

The Brown interim (Dec 2023 – April 2026). Public Works Director Jamie Brown — a ~14-year city employee — was unanimously appointed interim the same night. His annualized interim compensation was ~$233,928. ✓ (Lake Worth Beach Independent) Through 2024 and early 2025 a four-commissioner coalition (Resch + Malega + McVoy + May) publicly backed Brown for the permanent role and attempted in August 2025 to appoint him without a competitive process. (Joe Capozzi 8/2025) Brown declined to compete in a formal process. In October 2025 he withdrew his contract proposal sensing insufficient support. On April 17, 2026 Segrich persuaded the commission to schedule a special meeting to consider replacing Brown with then-Assistant CM Troy Perry as interim, citing 6-8 month delays on code-compliance policy and Brown splitting attention between CM and PWD. On April 21, 2026, rather than wait to be removed, Brown resigned the interim seat at a regular commission meeting and Troy Perry was unanimously appointed Interim CM. ✓ (WPTV; Lake Worth Beach Independent) Brown returned to PWD. Segrich attended via Zoom from Europe and did not comment.

The permanent search (Jan 2026 – summer 2026). In January 2026 the commission engaged Sumter Local Government Consulting of Atlanta — principal Warren Hutmacher, former CM of Hutto TX, Johns Creek GA, Dunwoody GA, Norcross GA, Avondale Estates GA — for $21,000. (Sumter LGC; ZipRecruiter posting) Sumter is the same firm that ran Sarasota's successful Round 2 CM search. On April 7, 2026 the commission set the pay band at $285,000-$345,000 — exceeding Hutmacher's recommendation of a tighter range. Mayor Resch publicly framed the rationale: "Lake Worth, seven square miles — we have more going on. When I talk to mayors from other cities, they're like, wait a minute — a golf course, a beach, a water utility, a sewer utility, Lake Worth has a lot going on." ✓ (WFLX 4/8/2026) Hutmacher's target: hire by early summer 2026.

Three facts the candidate must internalize.

1. The political alignment that fired Davis no longer exists on the dais. Two of three "fire Davis" voters are gone: Stokes attritioned (now chairs Lake Worth 4 All, the activist group that beat the March 2026 charter referendums); Diaz lost re-election to Segrich in March 2025. McVoy remains. The mayor and Malega — the two no-votes — are still seated. Four of five sitting commissioners are disposed to give the next CM a fair runway.

2. The pay band of $285-345K is materially above comparable PBC peers. Boca Raton CM is ~$300K. Boynton Beach (pop 80K) is ~$289K. Delray Beach is ~$264K. The commission is paying for difficulty, not just scope. The new band is 42-72% above Davis's last published salary. Expectations will be measured against that math.

3. Segrich is the implementation-velocity pole. He has already moved against one interim and has explicitly said staff are "not implementing" policy direction. Expect concrete delivery clocks from week one.

Voluntary-vs-pressure assessment of the predecessor's departure: unambiguous pressure-driven termination. ✓

3. Open questions to ask the panel

Position & expectations.

1. The pay band exceeds Boca, Boynton, and Delray. What specifically does the commission view as worth that premium that wouldn't be true at, say, Delray Beach?
2. Two interims in 28 months. What did the commission learn from the Brown sequence about what it actually needs from a permanent CM?
3. At $285-345K, what's the commission's realistic tenure expectation — five years, ten years, or until the next political shift?

Political math. 4. Two of three "fire Davis" voters are gone. How does today's commission interpret what went wrong in December 2023? 5. Commissioner Segrich has been the most vocal on implementation velocity. What's the commission's working agreement on translating policy direction into operational output?

The charter signal. 6. Voters rejected both lease amendments ~78% to 22%. How does the commission interpret that result for the H.O.R.I.Z.O.N. file and other major redevelopment? 7. Vice Mayor Malega is not running in 2027 and the mayor is up. How is the commission thinking about continuity for the new CM through that transition?

Operations & contracts. 8. PBSO contract: current renewal cycle, October 2025 "PBSO Priorities" outcomes, and the commission's expectation for how the CM manages that relationship? 9. PBCFR interlocal end date, renewal mechanism, and whether the commission wants a Jupiter-style in-house-fire-department evaluation on the table? 10. CRA-CM interface: what coordination model does the commission expect between the next CM and CRA Executive Director Joan Oliva, given the CRA's $4.4M+ federal-grant inflow and the ~$4.15M annual TIF transfer?

State preemption posture. 11. SB 1134 fully kicks in January 2027 — six months into the new CM's tenure. What's the commission's plan for Compass and other potentially-exposed leases? 12. If HB 991/SB 1242 eliminates CRAs in the 2026 session, what's the contingency for the ~$4.15M TIF?

4. Governance Map

Charter and removal authority

Lake Worth Beach operates under a 1913 Commission-Manager charter (codified in Municode, posted as PDF on the City Clerk CDN — ). Five commissioners (mayor citywide + Districts 1-4), nonpartisan, staggered three-year terms, elected the second Tuesday of March in odd and even years with runoffs in late March.

The Davis firing established the operative precedent: a simple majority can move on the manager at any commission meeting properly noticed for that purpose, with no charter requirement for cause. The exact removal language ⚠ should be in hand before contract negotiation — there may be notice or super-majority distinctions for cause-vs-without-cause that the candidate's lawyer needs.

Council composition (April 2026)

Source: City Commission page; see governance.md for sub-citations.

Factions and voting patterns

The 3-2 era is over. Current functional alignments:

• Coalition A — "Stability/continuity" (Resch + Malega + frequently McVoy + sometimes May). The four-vote majority that publicly backed Brown for the permanent job in August 2025 and tried to talk him into letting them appoint him without a formal interview. Backed the unanimous Perry appointment April 21, 2026.
• Coalition B — "Implementation/accountability" (Segrich primary; May open). Segrich drove the dynamic that ended Brown's interim tenure. He has explicitly framed the issue as "we are setting policy direction and it's just not getting implemented" — specifically 6-8 month delays on a code-compliance policy and Brown splitting attention with PWD.
• McVoy is the wild card. Procedurally aligned with the Resch/Malega pole but ideologically the most active commissioner — has raised "Alligator Alcatraz" / immigration enforcement at meetings, drawing a mid-2025 Mayor + VC + Segrich pushback to limit commission liaison reports to local matters. (Stet News 7/27/2025)

The functional read: four of five commissioners are disposed to give the next CM a fair runway, but Segrich will test execution velocity from day one and the May 2026 special meeting that was already scheduled before Brown resigned is the political model for what he'll do if he sees implementation lag.

CM compensation and contract terms

Peer benchmarks (per WFLX 4/8/2026):

Davis severance: not surfaced ⚠. Standard FL CM contracts typically include 6 months' severance for without-cause termination, COLA tied to general bargaining-unit raises, annual evaluation cadence. Evaluation cadence precedent: the Davis firing happened during what was noticed as a performance evaluation — the operative practical answer is the commission can convert any noticed evaluation into a personnel action in the same meeting if a member moves and a majority joins. Contract negotiators should consider explicit notice and process protections.

Sunshine Law / Public Records posture

Florida's open-government regime (Fla. Stat. § 286.011 Sunshine Law + Ch. 119 Public Records Act) is among the strictest in the country. Two or more commissioners cannot have substantive policy conversations privately — including text or hallway. Virtually all written communications among elected officials and staff are public records, including texts on personal devices used for city business. (FL AG Sunshine Manual 2025)

Practical implication: Lake Worth Beach has an unusually engaged citizen press (Joe Capozzi blog, Lake Worth Beach Independent Substack, Stet News) that publishes detailed work-session quotes within 24-48 hours. Anything said in a workshop will be published in the local press within 48 hours. No specific city-level Sunshine enforcement action surfaced this pass ⚠.

State delegation and regional bodies

• FL Senate District 26: Sen. Lori Berman (D) — current Senate Democratic Minority Leader; term ends Nov 2026.
• FL House District 89: Rep. Debra Tendrich (D) — first elected Nov 2024; LWB resident; founded a childhood-nutrition nonprofit.
• Palm Beach Transportation Planning Agency (MPO): LWB holds a single voting seat on the 21-member board. McVoy is voting member; May is alternate. (Palm Beach MPO)
• Treasure Coast Regional Planning Council: LWB in TCRPC service area; current city appointee not isolated ⚠.
• PBSO District 14 IS Lake Worth Beach. No standalone PD. Captain Terrence Carn commands; 82 sworn + 6 civilian for ~43K residents.
• PBCFR Battalion 10 covers Lake Worth Beach via interlocal.

5. The Books

Top-line shape (FY 2025-2026 Proposed)

Fiscal year runs October 1 – September 30. ✓ (FY26 1st Public Hearing PDF)

General Fund is ~25% of all-funds; Electric Fund alone is ~34% ($75.2M revenue, $73.5M expenditure FY26). This is the structural tell that distinguishes LWB from a conventional small Florida coastal city.

Revenue mix (GF FY26)

The keystone fact: ~31% of the GF is funded by transfers from the city's own utility enterprises. Of the $16.4M transfer line, the electric utility alone sends ~$7.87M to GF in FY26 (PILOT $3.45M + 6% franchise $4.42M ≈ 14.7% of all GF revenue). Press-release framing: "$33.4M to GF since 2018." Without the utility, back-of-envelope millage would need to be roughly 2 mills higher ($7.87M ÷ $3.4B taxable value ≈ 2.3 mills).

Of $19.1M ad valorem, $14.9M goes to operating GF and $4.15M flows to the CRA tax-increment fund — ~22% of total ad valorem. ✓ (FY26 budget book p.26)

Expense mix (GF FY26)

Public safety = 39.7% of GF combined — but mechanically mostly interlocal contracts. Police line decomposed: PBSO contract $15.22M alone = 28.4% of GF; closed police pension $1.72M; utilities/insurance ~$471K. Fire line is 97% legacy pension contribution — the actual PBCFR fire-rescue contract is funded through a separate PBC Fire-Rescue MSTU assessment levied on city properties ⚠ and does not appear in the city's GF.

Personnel = 37% of GF — low for a Florida small city because PBSO/PBCFR contract personnel sit in "Operating Expenditures" rather than Salaries & Benefits. With contract spend reclassified, effective public-safety-personnel share is closer to 65% of GF.

Reserves

• General Fund total fund balance ~$22.79M at 9/30/2024 = 52.1% of GF expenditures (well above GFOA's 16.7% / two-month recommendation)
• Unassigned $21.09M (92.6% of fund balance) — discretion the next CM inherits
• Combined governmental-funds fund balance: $71.0M (up $10.8M YoY)
• Formal reserve floor not explicitly published in FY26 budget book ⚠

Long-term debt, pensions, OPEB

Total long-term debt 9/30/2024: ~$233.4M ($51.7M governmental + $181.7M utility), plus Series 2025 Consolidated Utility Revenue Bonds $51.5M issued spring 2025. Pro-forma utility-system debt ~$216M per Moody's. The GF itself carries virtually no direct debt service — GO bonds (2017/2018 Neighborhood Road Program, ~$40M voter-approved 2016) are paid by separate debt-service millage; utility debt by utility revenues.

Pension structure — verified: three single-employer plans, NOT FRS. ✓ (FY24 ACFR Note 10)

Aggregate NPL fell $11.8M (-15%) in FY24 thanks to strong investment returns. GERS at 65% is the weakest. PRS receives Ch.185 state premium tax ($651K FY23); FPT receives Ch.175 ($22K FY23). FPT carries ~$19.1M in DROP balances — large relative to its $52.5M plan assets. Closed police pension annual employer contribution dropped from $4.0M (FY23-25) to $1.7M (FY26) — a $2.3M savings flowing to GF. Plans administered by Resource Centers, LLC.

FY24 ACFR transmittal: "The City's future financial challenges come primarily in the area of constrained property taxes, funding pension obligations and health insurance. However, the City has negotiated a Cash Option Plan, reducing future pension obligations..." ✓ (p.iii)

OPEB: Unfunded, pay-as-you-go single-employer post-retirement health insurance. Total liability $1.17M at 9/30/2024; 806 participants (355 active, 451 inactive). Small relative to pension overhang.

Bond ratings

• Moody's: A1, stable on Consolidated Utility Revenue Bonds — upgraded from A2 in June 2025. Rationale: growing customer base (~28K residential-heavy with very low concentration), adequate liquidity, strong DSC, proactive rate management. Downgrade trigger <1.25× DSC.
• No current general-obligation rating (LWB has not issued enough recent GO debt to maintain one). S&P / Fitch not currently active on city debt ⚠.

Audit & GFOA status

• FY23 audited by RSM US LLP (unmodified); FY24 switched to Anthony Brunson P.A. (Miami; unmodified). Auditor change reason not isolated ⚠.
• FY24 ACFR is the most recent posted. FY25 ACFR (FYE 9/30/2025) due summer 2026 — likely lands in the new CM's first 90 days.
• No material weaknesses in FY24.
• GFOA awards: not currently held. The FY23 transmittal does not claim them ⚠.

ARPA / SLFRF

City received $19,295,888 in two tranches (Sep 2021 + Jul 2022). As of July 2025: $15.22M spent (~79%), $4.07M remaining committed, $0 uncommitted. Largest single use: $8.6M swap to fund the PBSO contract through ARPA's "revenue loss" replacement allowance — federal dollars reimbursing the GF for the police-services line. New CM inherits closeout against December 31, 2026 spend deadline with ~$4.07M of construction still to land. The FY26 $2.28M planned fund-balance draw signals structural balance will tighten as ARPA tailwind fades.

Capital improvement plan

FY26 budget book does NOT contain a separately bound multi-year CIP ⚠. Visible capital programs: Neighborhood Road Program (GO 2017/2018, ~$1M unissued), Consolidated Utility System CIP (Series 2020 $88.93M + 2022 + 2025 $51.5M + SRF $15M), CRA Capital Projects Fund $9.57M FY26 amended (Pro Planning Grants $4.4M, Housing $2.9M, Downtown Improvements $1.8M), ARPA-funded CIP $4.07M remaining.

CRA / TIF and state-preemption risk

The Lake Worth Beach CRA (1989; Joan Oliva Executive Director, Chris Dabros Deputy ⚠) collects ~$4.15M FY26 TIF transfer from city ad valorem — about 22% of total ad valorem collected. ✓ (FY26 p.26)

Florida HB 991 / SB 1242 (2025/2026 sessions) threaten to eliminate CRAs statewide. HB 991 advanced through House State Affairs 17-8; SB 1242 passed Senate Judiciary. ✓ (WPTV) Vice Mayor Malega: "We're going to lose millions of dollars of investment every year." If enacted as-introduced, LWB loses the ~$4.15M annual TIF. A real CM-grade fiscal exposure.

Peer benchmarks

Per-capita GF spend ~$1,235 is in line with peers once adjusted for contracted public safety. The structural takeaway: LWB is unusual in its peer group on two dimensions — it owns an electric utility, and it contracts both police and fire. Most peers do neither.

Property tax revenue grew from $14.4M (FY23 actual) to $19.07M (FY26 budget) — +33% on flat millage, courtesy of PBC valuation gains. Property tax collection rate 104.05% in FY24 — strong collection performance.

6. Municipal Electric Utility (Citizen Owned Energy)

LWB is one of ~5 municipal electric utilities in Florida. The utility is the structural cushion under the GF, the dominant capital story, and the most politically charged single operational responsibility. Anchor was wrong about "Beaches Energy Services" — that's Jacksonville Beach. LWBEU's brand is "Citizen Owned Energy."

Service area, governance, leadership

• ~28,000 customer accounts ✓ across the City, the Village of Palm Springs, and unincorporated Palm Beach County. Out-of-city customers pay surcharges without voting in city elections — rate fights carry an inherent franchise-democracy tension. The Electric Utility Advisory Board is chartered with one at-large seat for service-area customers outside city limits.
• Director Ed Liberty — since 2017; 40+ years in the industry; President of FMEA Board of Directors (2024); recipient of the APPA Mark Crisson Leadership and Managerial Excellence Award (June 2025). ✓ (Citizen Owned Energy) National-stature peer for the next CM — keep him.
• Electric Utility Board (EUB): 7 members appointed by City Commission; advisory only. Commission sits as the Utility City Commission for binding rate, debt, and budget decisions.

Generation portfolio and wholesale supply (in transition)

• City-owned: Tom G. Smith Power Plant (in-city, gas-fired) — 30 MW combined cycle + 30 MW simple cycle + 26 MW fossil-fuel steam unit ≈ 86 MW nameplate; in-city peaking and reliability backup.
• Nuclear: St. Lucie Unit #2 — 22.2 MW entitlement (jointly owned by FPL and FMPA on Hutchinson Island).
• Solar: FMPA Solar Project (Whistling Duck completed Jan 2026 + Rice Creek) — 13.25 MW total; projected fuel mix ~18% solar by 2026 (up from <1% in 2024).
• Wholesale: Orlando Utilities Commission PPA expired Dec 31, 2025. City issued an RFP in 2025 for replacement supply; self-owned generation + entitlements bridge starting January 2026.
• Coal exit: OUC committed to retire Stanton 1 by year-end 2025 — indirect coal exposure eliminated.
• Stated long-term goal: net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2045.

Capital program: SHRIP + GRIP

• System Hardening and Reliability Improvement Program (SHRIP): $100 million modernization. Core: multi-year conversion from 4 kV legacy distribution to hardened 26 kV with Cat-5-rated storm-hardened poles. ✓ (DOE NEPA SHRIP CX-031617)
• DOE GRIP grant: $23.4M (Feb 2024) with equal city match (~$46.9M total). Funds community solar + battery storage, Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) with bidirectional comms, Meter Data Management, sectionalizing devices, fiber-optic communications. Goal: 50% outage reduction in disadvantaged communities within 4 years; 100-125 jobs; ≥10 SBE/MBE/WBE/VBE contracts.
• Reliability outcomes: SAIDI < 40 minutes (vs FL average 60-90 min); internal SHRIP metrics: 74% reduction in outage frequency, 64% reduction in outage duration vs 2023 baseline. Second 26 kV interconnection completed → redundant supply route.
• Rate ranking: 5th-7th lowest among Florida's ~37 IOU + municipal utilities. ✓

Rates and the politically loaded narrative

Rate structure: Base Energy Charge (ordinance-set) + Power Cost Adjustment (PCA) trued up quarterly through PCA Working Capital and Rate Stabilization Fund ($3.5M post-March 2024 transfer) + $5/mo Storm Fund Surcharge (effective 12/1/2024 → ~$1.68M/yr) + 8% city utility services tax.

Recent rate history:

• Sept 2022: PCA rose 16-18% (~$20-25/mo) when natural gas quadrupled; city had no reserves for a $3.1M July fuel bill.
• March 2024: PCA cut $6.95/mo for 1,000 kWh customer; $1M to Rate Stabilization Fund.
• November 2024: Storm Fund Surcharge added.
• January 29, 2026: PCA raised ~$7/mo ($36.06/MWh → $43.06/MWh) on 4-1 vote (Yes: Resch, May, Malega, Segrich; Absent: McVoy). Gas-price spike + freeze-weekend demand. PCA had run a $102K deficit by December 2025. Malega: "I just hate doing this." Resch: "But we have to pay the money." ✓ (Yahoo/Palm Beach Post 1/29/2026)

Transfers to GF (the keystone)

Every rate decision is a GF revenue decision. Operational risk surface: natural-gas spot exposure (>50% of generation cost basis), hurricane/storm exposure, aging infrastructure, PCA volatility outpacing Rate Stabilization Fund coverage.

Headline for the interview

"Moody's upgraded the consolidated utility credit to A1 stable in June 2025 — recognizing the rate-management discipline that's kept LWB competitive and grown the customer base. The whole utility credit rests on a ~$216M debt base supporting ~28,000 residential customers. The transfer to GF is the keystone of the city's fiscal model — without it, millage would need to be roughly 2 mills higher."

7. The Footprint

Demographics — the diversity story is the structural story

Population: 43,365 (ACS 2024 5-yr) → up from 42,219 (2020 Census) → up from 34,910 (2010). The 2010→2020 jump (+20.9%) was substantially attributed in contemporaneous reporting to better counting of the Mayan immigrant community (Guatemalan-Maya Center door-to-door census outreach), not raw in-migration. Then-Commissioner McVoy framed it explicitly that way. Population density ~7,358/sq mi — extraordinary for an FL city this size.

Race/ethnicity (most recent ACS):

Hispanic-origin breakdown — the load-bearing detail. Unlike most South Florida cities (Cuban-Puerto Rican-Dominican-Mexican plurality), LWB is Central American (Guatemalan + Honduran) and Haitian-Caribbean. Specifically:

• 20th-highest Guatemalan ancestry concentration of any US city ✓ — Mayan-majority; Popti', Q'anjob'al, Mam, K'iche' spoken. (Guatemalan-Maya Center)
• 21st-highest Haitian ancestry concentration of any US city ✓ — Haitian Creole the third-most-spoken language in the city.
• Cuban ~3.5%, Honduran ~1.6%, historic Finnish-American legacy ~3.4% (LWB had one of the largest Finnish-American communities in the US in the early-mid 20th century).

Practical implication for the CM: any operational communication initiative — utility bills, evacuation orders, code-enforcement notices, water-quality alerts — needs at minimum a trilingual posture (English-Spanish-Haitian Creole), with Mayan-language outreach for highest-impact safety messages. The Compass dispute, the Head Start eviction, and the 2024 Mayan-Center census engagement are all data points that signal language access is operational, not symbolic. Federal immigration policy shocks (work-authorization changes, ICE enforcement, TPS revocation for Haiti) hit LWB's labor force and rental market harder than virtually any other PBC city.

Age, income, education:

LWB's poverty rate is ~1.6× the MSA rate. Median age ~10 years younger than the county median. Bachelor's attainment ~10 points below county. This is a young, working-class, family-formation city in a county whose demographic center of gravity is 65+ retirees. Three of the top five employers are public schools — population pyramid is bottom-heavy and school-aged.

Economy and labor market

LWB-specific unemployment not separately published (bundled into West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach MD). FL statewide ~2.6-3.3%; LWB likely 50-150 bps above MSA. Only ~6.9% of jobs in LWB are held by city residents — this is a net residential labor exporter, not a jobs hub. Most LWB residents commute out (West Palm Beach 12.4%, Boca 5.3%, Palm Springs 4.9%); most LWB jobs are filled by non-residents commuting in. PBSC is the dominant in-commute draw.

Industry mix: construction at 13.2% of employed residents (2× state average) — predominantly Guatemalan/Honduran/Haitian crews working both on Palm Beach island mansions and Boynton/Delray multifamily.

Top employers

FY24 ACFR Statistical Section lists PBSC 2,393, Eastern Metal Supply 800, Musa Holdings 700, City 365, Bomar Trimming 350 — figures differ from older Wikipedia/ACFR snapshot. ✓ (FY24 ACFR p.137)

The top-10 list is heavily public/quasi-public. No single dominant private-sector firm. No company-town risk because there is no company. PBSC is the singular economic anchor; the PBSC-CM relationship is the most important non-political tie the next CM has.

Recent business attractions and pipeline

• Gulfstream Hotel restoration (Restoration St. Louis, ~$100M+) — Phase I building permit Aug 2024, opening end-2025 / early 2026; 90 hotel units + ground-floor F&B; Phase II adds 50 hotel rooms, 83 apartments, rooftop F&B, ballroom. First major hotel employer when it opens.
• Residences at Lake Worth (Richman Group / PBC) — groundbreak Nov 2025; 195 units at 60-120% AMI; ~$78M total ($13M county housing bond + $62M financed Sep 2025); completion late 2027 / early 2028.
• Lake Worth Station (N G Street) — 91 apartments, 39 designated workforce; CRA infrastructure-grant support.
• HUD Section 4 / PRO Housing: $4.4M (Jan 2025) to LWB CRA + Riviera Beach CRA joint.
• $850K Congressional Community Project Funding (Rep. Lois Frankel, FY26) for LWBCRA Attainable Housing Project.
• Cultural-campus proposal (WMODA): 33,000 sf museum + 110-unit apartment + parking garage; debate active; 102 market-rate, 8 affordable units.
• H.O.R.I.Z.O.N. (Hyatt + Nicklaus + Copperline, $355.6M) — withdrawn October 2025 after public outcry. See §11 (Current State of Play) for full narrative.

Housing market and affordability math

The central CM problem — affordability math doesn't work:

• Median household income: $61,200
• 30%-rule affordable rent ceiling: $1,530/mo
• Actual market rent: ~$2,400/mo
• Gap: $870/mo, or ~17% of median household income above affordability

A median-earning LWB household cannot rent at LWB market rate and cannot purchase a median LWB home without dual income, deposit assistance, or below-market financing. This is the reason the workforce-housing pipeline exists and the reason STR enforcement is so politically loaded — STR conversion removes long-term rental supply at the margin where the math is already broken.

LWB is renter-majority (uncommon for PBC). Nearly half of all LWB renters are estimated cost-burdened (>30% of income on housing) ⚠.

Regional context — the inescapable framing

Lake Worth Beach is the poorest, most-immigrant, most-cost-burdened sizeable city in the wealthiest county in Florida. LWB workers commute into Palm Beach to clean houses and tend gardens for households whose median home value is ~5× LWB's. Every major political and operational pressure flows from that contradiction.

Homelessness

• PBC 2025 PIT count: 1,520 individuals (down 28.5% from 2,126 in 2024) — but officials warned drop may be partial artifact of HB 1365 dispersing unsheltered populations. ✓ (WLRN 3/26/2025)
• LWB had the third- and fourth-highest concentrations of unsheltered homeless individuals and families in the entire county. (WPTV)
• LWB does NOT operate a city homeless shelter. PBC operates the Lewis Center (West Palm Beach) and is opening a 74-bed Central County Housing Resource Center.
• HB 1365 (effective Oct 1, 2024) + Grants Pass v. Johnson (June 2024) create a statutory obligation to enforce that did not exist 24 months ago. Residents and businesses now have a private right of action under HB 1365 since January 1, 2025 if the city fails to enforce. See §11 for the Bryant Park / event-permit ordinance narrative.

CRA structure and pipeline

CRA (1989; Res 47-89; Ch.163 Part III). Executive Director Joan Oliva ⚠. Citizen board appointed by City Commission. Performance benchmarks: ≥2 parcels acquired/redeveloped/year, ≥3 owner-occupied affordable units/year, ≥5 mixed-affordable projects/year, $400K matching grants/year. CRA expiration date NOT isolated ⚠ — this matters enormously for the long-bond financing math.

Active CRA projects: Gulfstream Hotel, Lake Worth Station, Madison Terrace, Downtown Redevelopment / WMODA, 1000 Lake Avenue.

8. The Operations

The City owns and operates the electric utility, water, wastewater collection, stormwater, and solid waste in-house; police via PBSO contract; fire/EMS via PBCFR interlocal. The Electric Utility is treated as a standalone section above (§8); the other operational segments below.

Police (contracted to PBSO District 14)

• Captain Terrence Carn, District 14 Law Enforcement Commander ✓ (PBSO D14)
• 82 sworn + 6 civilian for ~43K residents in ~7 sq mi
• Station: 120 N. G Street, LWB 33460
• Contract dollar in FY26 GF: $15.22M ("Other Contractual Service" police line) = 28.4% of GF — the single biggest GF outflow ✓
• Contract risk: PBSO terminated law-enforcement services to Loxahatchee Groves in December 2025 over a payment dispute. ✓ (WFLX 12/22/2025) Precedent matters: PBSO has shown willingness to walk if the math doesn't work. The October 6, 2025 special commission meeting was titled "Potential Charter Amendments and PBSO Priorities" — confirming the PBSO relationship is an active commission-level discussion.
• Bargaining: Patrol deputies are PBA-represented under the PBSO Master CBA (current 2021-2024; successor). LWB has no local lever to negotiate independently.
• No city-level civilian review board. Oversight runs through the elected Sheriff and PBSO IA.
• City-level NIBRS crime trend data requires district-disaggregated PBSO request ⚠.

Fire / EMS (PBCFR Battalion 10 interlocal)

• PBCFR provides fire suppression, ALS EMS with transport, technical rescue, hazmat, ARFF, fire investigation, 911 dispatching. ✓
• Local station: 1020 Lucerne Ave (561-586-1600)
• Fire-line decomposed: GF Fire line $3.87M is 97% closed-pension contribution ($3.77M). The actual PBCFR fire-rescue contract is funded via a separate PBC Fire-Rescue MSTU assessment on city properties — it does NOT appear in the city GF ⚠.
• Strategic backdrop: Town of Jupiter has publicly directed staff to evaluate establishing its own fire department in lieu of continuing under PBCFR. ✓ (WPTV) At least one peer is questioning the PBCFR cost trajectory.
• LWB-PBCFR interlocal end date and renewal mechanism ⚠.
• IAFF Local 2928 likely represents PBCFR firefighters ⚠.

Public Works (Jamie Brown returned May 2026)

• Director Jamie Brown — back at PWD after 28 months as Interim CM. 14-year city employee. ✓
• Public Works: 561-586-1720; 1749 3rd Avenue South.

Water utility (in-house)

• Water treatment plant: 17.4 MGD capacity; lime-softening + reverse osmosis combined treatment ✓ (Utilities W/S/S page)
• 168 miles of water main
• Brackish-source RO suggests Floridan/surficial aquifer wells ⚠.
• Lead service line inventory (LCRR/LCRI) — federal deadline October 2024; LWB compliance status not isolated ⚠.

Wastewater (collection in-house, treatment regional)

• 125 miles of gravity + pressure pipe; 33 city-owned pump stations
• Regional Master Pump Station — operates a multi-jurisdictional asset collecting wastewater from LWB + Lantana + Atlantis + Manalapan + South Palm Beach + Palm Beach State College + Lake Clarke Shores + Palm Springs and pumping to ECRWRF. LWB is the operator of a regional, multi-jurisdictional collection-and-conveyance asset.
• ECRWRF (East Central Regional Water Reclamation Facility) — jointly owned by City of West Palm Beach, PBC, Town of Palm Beach, Riviera Beach, Lake Worth Beach (the "ECR Operations Board") ⚠.
• During Helene (Sep 2024) all lift stations were remotely monitored with portable pumps and generators pre-positioned — indicates SCADA coverage on all 33 stations.
• NPDES status / SSO history not pulled ⚠.

Stormwater

• 46 stormwater outfalls to the Lake Worth Lagoon — an Outstanding Florida Water discharge body. Every outfall is a regulatory exposure.
• City is a joint permittee of the Palm Beach County MS4 NPDES permit.
• $1.5M completed drainage project at 18th Avenue South; ~$1.7M programmed over next 5 years. ✓ (WPTV)
• Capital adequacy concern: $1.7M / 5 yr ≈ $340K/yr against documented chronic flooding (18th Ave S corridor, king-tide events). Likely fiscal pressure to raise stormwater fee or float a stormwater revenue bond ⚠.

Solid waste (in-house)

• Twice-weekly automated garbage, weekly recycling, weekly yard waste, monthly bulk — fixed annual fee on tax roll. ✓ (Solid Waste page)
• Unusual at this size — many similar-sized FL cities have moved to franchise. The in-house posture is a labor-and-fleet operational footprint in Public Works.

Planning, Building, Code Compliance

• 1900 2nd Ave North. P&Z 561-586-1687; Building/Community Sustainability 561-586-1647; Code Compliance 561-586-1652.
• Comprehensive Plan adopted under Ch.163 F.S.; adoption date / last EAR cycle not isolated ⚠.
• Downtown Parcels Master Plan active with TCRPC support; CRA's Downtown Redevelopment Master Plan / WMODA is the development-side pair.
• Director name not isolated ⚠.

Parks, Recreation, Library

• "Leisure Services" brand. 20+ parks. Casino Beach Complex (municipal pool, pier), Howard Park, Sunset Ridge, Spillway.
• City-operated golf course (Leisure Services).
• Lake Worth Beach City Library, 15 N. M Street — independent city library, NOT a branch of the PBC Library Cooperative. Discretionary GF expenditure that comparable cities frequently consolidate; future fiscal pressure could put consolidation on the table.

IT and cyber

• IT Director / CIO name not surfaced ⚠.
• Online service portal at portal.lakeworthbeachfl.gov; Code Compliance on Click2Gov platform ✓ — Click2Gov is a Tyler Technologies/CentralSquare legacy product with documented 2018-2020 breach history at multiple municipalities; non-trivial cyber-exposure question.
• Meeting/agenda system: MCC (Municipal Code Corporation).
• OpenGov budget portal: lakeworthfl.opengov.com ✓.
• Cyber footprint risk: (a) AMI rollout under GRIP grant introduces substantial new attack surface across the electric utility; (b) regional wastewater master pump station SCADA means a cyber incident at LWB cascades to 8+ jurisdictions. The City needs (and may already have) a NIST-aligned OT security program ⚠.

Workforce and bargaining

• Total FTE: ~307-365 (range across ACFR vintages); ACFR Statistical Section canonical ⚠.
• Bargaining units:
• Professional Managers & Supervisors Association (PMSA) — managers/supervisors
• Professional Employees Union (PEU) — Parks & Rec, Code Enforcement, Customer Service, Water/Sewer Treatment, Streets/Stormwater, Power Plant, Planning ⚠
• No local FOP — police are PBSO
• No local IAFF — fire is PBCFR
• HR Director: Loren Slaydon ✓ (561-586-1658)
• City Clerk: Melissa Coyne ✓
• Recent labor unrest: No specific strike/work-action this pass. Davis termination cited "slow hiring, internal HR/staff communication problems" → points to documented HR-pipeline weakness the next CM inherits.

Org chart the new CM will inherit (best stitch)

9. Current State of Play

Recent top stories — the rolling context the next CM walks into

11.1. Jamie Brown resigns; Troy Perry installed as second interim — April 21, 2026. Covered in §2. Brown's parting line: "Tonight will be my final night as the interim city manager. I think it's the right time." Segrich attended via Zoom from Europe and did not comment.

11.2. Permanent CM search at $285-345K — January through summer 2026. Covered in §2. The candidate is interviewing into this window. Sumter Hutmacher's target is hire by early summer 2026.

11.3. March 10, 2026 charter referendum — voters crushed both lease amendments. Question 2 (east of A1A — beach + casino) rejected ~79% no. Question 3 (west of A1A — golf course + Cultural Plaza + parking) rejected ~77% no. Both would have permitted 99-year leases without citywide vote. Lake Worth 4 All — led by former commissioner Kim Stokes (one of the three commissioners who fired Davis in 2023) — led the opposition. ✓ (WFLX 3/11/2026)

The political signal: the residents have just very recently and very loudly told the commission they do not trust it with discretionary authority over public-land deals. Any plan that touches the beach, the casino, or the golf course will be measured against that ~78% no vote.

11.4. H.O.R.I.Z.O.N. — $355.6M Copperline / Nicklaus / Hyatt — submitted Jan 2025, withdrawn Oct 2025. Investor group: Copperline Partners (Richard Schlesinger and three sons), Jack Nicklaus, Hyatt, Fortress Investment, Stiles Construction. The proposal: $105M Grand Hyatt (205 rooms) at south end of casino building, 1,166-space parking garage with retail/dining, marine-themed attraction, public park, water-taxi dock, $22M Nicklaus golf-course renovations, $95M Hyatt (150 rooms) at south end of the golf course, new municipal pool at Northwest Park. Withdrawn October 2025 after public outcry. ✓ (WFLX 9/24/2025; byjoecapozzi.com)

The withdrawal and the March 2026 referendum defeat are two sides of the same political event: the commission tried to give itself broader discretion to negotiate exactly this kind of deal; voters refused. Major redevelopment is politically dead for at least one full election cycle.

11.5. Segrich won District 4 runoff March 25, 2025 — replacing Reinaldo Diaz. No-party affiliation, real-estate / disaster-recovery business owner. Campaigned on "more business-like approach," code-compliance reform, "Lake Worth Beach Pothole Patrol" volunteer task force, parking and workforce-housing requirements in new multi-family buildings. ✓ (Florida Politics) He is the commission's most public productivity hawk and was the only commissioner who did not previously back Brown for the permanent role.

11.6. Compass LGBTQ+ Community Center DEI-grant fight — April-May 2026. City-owned Compass Center (201 N. Dixie Hwy.) needed $308,000 in HVAC and elevator repairs. PBC initially refused, citing FL SB 1134 (anti-DEI for local governments). Palm Beach County Administrator Joe Abruzzo reversed the denial, ruling SB 1134 does not take effect until January 2027 and could not be applied retroactively. Funding restored. ✓ (CBS12)

SB 1134 fully kicks in January 1, 2027 — six months into the new CM's tenure. The CM's job between now and then is to inventory every contract, lease, and grant that touches potentially exposed relationships, document the legitimate municipal purpose for each, and build a defensive posture the commission can stand behind.

11.7. Bryant Park + downtown homelessness enforcement — May 2025 to Feb 2026. Bryant Park, the Cultural Plaza, and city hall/library areas became the visible center of LWB's homelessness response after HB 1365 (state ban on unauthorized public camping) took effect October 1, 2024. By May 2025 business owners were complaining of public drug use, urination, defecation. By November 2025 Commissioner May was pushing a permit-required food-sharing ordinance modeled on West Palm Beach + trespass-language updates + a city-funded $500K Park Ranger program independent of the county's $800K overnight ranger program. February 4, 2026: city passed an ordinance requiring a special permit for any planned event in a public space or park with 25+ people. ✓ (WFLX 5/22/2025; WFLX 11/18/2025; WLRN 2/4/2026)

HB 1365 private right of action effective January 1, 2025 — residents and businesses can sue the city under HB 1365 if they believe enforcement is too lenient. LWB contracts policing to PBSO so direct enforcement decisions sit with the sheriff; political accountability for park conditions sits with the CM.

11.8. Mayor Resch reelected by landslide April 2, 2024. 61% over former commissioner Andy Amoroso in runoff after 48% in the four-way general March 19, 2024. The only commissioner who voted against firing Davis. Term ends spring 2027 — the 2027 mayoral election will be a referendum on the new CM's first year.

11.9. Electric utility upgraded to Moody's A1 (June 2025) + Jan 29, 2026 PCA increase. Covered in §8.

11.10. CRA wins major federal housing dollars — $4.4M HUD PRO Housing (Jan 2025) + $850K Rep. Lois Frankel earmark. Covered in §9. WMODA Residential (110 units; 102 market-rate, 8 affordable) is the downtown redevelopment exemplar.

Pending agenda (next 30-60 days)

• Tuesday May 26, 2026, 6:00 PM — Regular Commission Meeting (agenda not yet posted at fetch time ⚠)
• Thursday May 28, 2026, 6:00 PM — Special Commission Meeting — Financial Update (quarterly fiscal update; expect electric utility PCA recovery + CRA pipeline + FY26 first-half budget-to-actual)
• Friday May 29, 2026, 9:00 AM — Pre-Agenda Work Session

Dominant near-term items: permanent CM selection process updates; code-compliance / STR enforcement plan (Segrich's 6-8 month delay frustration implies this comes back); Bryant Park / downtown homelessness refinements; Park Ranger program funding ($500K) needs FY27 budget action.

Live policy fights — state of play matrix

Pending litigation

• 2022 First Amendment panhandling-ordinance lawsuit (Southern Legal Counsel on behalf of four homeless residents) — led the commission to repeal two challenged ordinances 4-1. Likely a precedent for any future First Amendment challenge on the February 2026 event-permit ordinance.
• Possible Davis severance / wrongful-termination action — status unverified ⚠.
• No major active federal litigation surfaced this pass ⚠.

10. Coastal & Floodplain Management

The City owns and maintains the public beach at the Casino & Beach Complex (10 Ocean Boulevard), but the physical sand-management regime is regional and federal, not city-controlled.

• Lake Worth Inlet Management Plan (FDEP-adopted) — governs sand bypassing across the inlet via the Sand Transfer Plant (north of inlet) and USACE maintenance dredging, moving sand to downdrift beaches including Lake Worth Beach to Lantana Municipal Beach for renourishment. ✓ (FDEP)
• 2025 renourishment cycle — scheduled from Phipps Ocean Park to Ambassador Hotel; dunes rebuilt Sloan's Curve to Phipps Ocean Park and Lake Worth Beach to Lantana. (Baird Maritime)
• County coordination via PBC ERM (Environmental Resources Management) — principal county coastal manager; funds and manages most projects.
• William O. Lockhart Municipal Pier — city-owned at the Casino Complex; major capital asset with periodic storm-damage exposure.
• City lifeguards on duty 9am-5pm daily at Casino Beach Complex.
• Sea-level rise planning: No standalone city SLR adaptation plan isolated; likely embedded in Comp Plan Coastal Element and/or PBC Office of Resilience framework ⚠.
• Local hazard profile: Atlantic-coast hurricane exposure (Cat 3-5 wind), coastal flooding from storm surge in Lake Worth Lagoon, sea-level-rise-amplified king-tide flooding, inland stormwater inundation from intensifying convective rainfall. 18th Avenue South corridor is a known flooding hotspot requiring portable pump deployment during high-tide-plus-rain events.

Recent storm response (Helene Sep 2024 + Milton Oct 2024): no catastrophic damage to city assets in public reporting; Wastewater monitored all lift stations remotely; Electric pre-positioned A/B shifts. LWB residential outage restoration target: 3 hours. FEMA Public Assistance project status for DR-4806 and DR-4834 not retrievable ⚠.

11. Regional Cooperation

LWB is uniquely dependent on multi-jurisdictional interlocals and partnerships for core services:

• PBSO District 14 (law enforcement, 28.4% of GF) — no in-house police
• PBCFR Battalion 10 (fire / ALS-EMS, via MSTU) — no in-house fire
• ECRWRF (East Central Regional Water Reclamation Facility) — wastewater treatment for LWB + 4 other partner jurisdictions
• LWB Master Pump Station — collects from 8 jurisdictions and conveys to ECRWRF; LWB operates a regional collection asset for others
• Lake Worth Beach Electric Utility (28K customers) — serves City + Village of Palm Springs + unincorporated PBC; non-resident ratepayers have no city-election vote
• Palm Beach TPA / MPO — LWB has one voting seat (McVoy) and one alternate (May)
• PBC ERM — coastal management partnership for Lake Worth Inlet sand bypass
• Palm Beach County MS4 NPDES permit — joint permittee for stormwater
• PBC Library Cooperative — LWB Library is OUTSIDE the cooperative (independent)
• Treasure Coast Regional Planning Council — TCRPC service area; current city appointee not isolated ⚠
• Discover the Palm Beaches — countywide DMO; LWB does not operate its own
• Lake Worth Drainage District — independent special district covering stormwater drainage in a broader area including LWB

Implication for the next CM: the day-to-day job is dominated by being a sophisticated contract administrator for the two largest public-safety line items, an interlocal counterparty in regional wastewater and coastal management, and a direct operator of the electric and water utilities. The org chart muscle memory required is unusual.

12. Short-Term Rentals

~456+ estimated illegal STRs operating in the city under LWB's pre-2011-grandfathered 60-day minimum stay zoning rule — meaning STRs (defined as <60-day stays) are simply not a permitted residential use in most LWB zoning districts. ✓ (Joe Capozzi)

• % of housing stock: ~1.1-3.3% (200-600 estimated ÷ ~17,949 units)
• Registered vs. unregistered: 0% formally registered with the city — the city does not maintain an STR registry because it considers STRs illegal under existing zoning
• State posture: FL preempts most STR regulation to the state (Ch. 509.241 FS), with grandfather provisions for cities with STR ordinances pre-2011. LWB is grandfathered. SB 280-style preemption framework limits any newer aggressive regulation, but the pre-2011 60-day rule survives.
• The enforcement gap: The city has the legal authority and is choosing not to use it. This was a stated frustration of Segrich's that contributed to the Brown resignation pressure. Code-compliance hiring was delayed; STR-conversion as a removal of long-term rental supply is part of the affordability math problem in §9.

Policy decision for the next CM: if the policy is "enforce," staffing and the inspection pipeline have to match that decision. If the policy is "tolerate and study," the commission should say so explicitly so residents know what to expect.

13. State Preemption Pressures

Multiple stacked state preemption pressures define the regulatory environment the next CM operates in:

SB 1134 — Anti-DEI for local governments. Signed spring 2026; full effect January 1, 2027. Already triggered the Compass Community Center funding dispute (resolved in city's favor by Administrator Abruzzo's retroactivity ruling, but the application kicks in mid-tenure for the new CM).

HB 1365 — Public-camping ban. Effective October 1, 2024. Private right of action effective January 1, 2025 — residents and businesses can sue the city if it fails to enforce against camping. Combined with Grants Pass v. Johnson (June 2024) upholding municipal anti-camping enforcement, LWB has a statutory obligation to enforce that didn't exist 24 months ago. Bryant Park / downtown is the operational pressure point. ✓ (Florida Senate HB 1365 Staff Analysis; Homeless Trust action plan)

STR preemption (SB 280-class). FL preempts most STR registration to the state with pre-2011 grandfathering. LWB's 60-day rule is grandfathered but not enforced. See §14.

HB 991 / SB 1242 — CRA elimination. Pending in 2025-2026 session. HB 991 advanced through House State Affairs 17-8; SB 1242 passed Senate Judiciary. If enacted as-introduced, LWB loses ~$4.15M annual TIF transfer. ✓ (WPTV)

Sunshine Law / Public Records (Ch. 286 / Ch. 119). Uncontroversial but defines daily workflow. See §6.

Property-tax / homestead-exemption preemption. Perennial Tallahassee pressure on local revenue; specific 2026 session bills affecting LWB not isolated ⚠.

14. What Would Surprise Me

Eight observations the candidate should be ready to land with, drawing on patterns across the streams that aren't obvious from any single one:

1. The pay band is paying for difficulty, not scope. $285-345K materially exceeds Boynton Beach (pop 80K, $289K), Delray Beach ($264K), and Royal Palm Beach (~$250Ks) for a city of 43K. The honest read is that the commission has explicitly priced this seat above the size-adjusted comparable because two years of attrition has shown the seat is hard.

2. The political alignment that fired Davis no longer exists, but the firing's tactical lesson does. Two of three "fire Davis" voters are gone — but the operative precedent established that night (evaluation can become firing in the same meeting) has not been amended. The next CM's contract should explicitly negotiate notice/cause/super-majority distinctions because the charter itself does not appear to.

3. Segrich is not Stokes 2.0. Stokes voted to fire Davis on substantive performance grounds; Segrich moved on Brown on velocity / accountability grounds. The first is an existential threat to any CM; the second is a working-relationship problem the right CM can convert into an asset. A CM who treats Segrich as a hostile actor will replay 2023; a CM who treats Segrich as a delivery-demanding customer will move with him.

4. The utility is the keystone, but the GF is leveraged 31% to it. Many analyses praise the utility transfer as a strategic asset. The flip side: without the utility, millage would need to be ~2 mills higher. Every rate decision is a tax decision in disguise. Customers in Palm Springs and unincorporated PBC pay surcharges without a vote — that's a franchise-democracy fault line waiting for a serious rate fight to surface.

5. The Fire line is 97% legacy pension; the police line is 87% PBSO contract. The combined "public safety" share of GF (39.7%) is structurally rigid in a way that obscures who actually delivers service. The real public-safety personnel share is closer to 65% after reclassifying contract spend. A new CM who proposes to "manage public safety costs" without understanding which lever to pull (PBSO contract negotiation vs. closed-pension stewardship vs. PBCFR MSTU advocacy) will sound naive.

6. The voters' March 2026 verdict is not about H.O.R.I.Z.O.N.; it's about commission discretion. ~78% no on both Q2 and Q3 is dispositive intensity. Voters refused to give the commission new lease authority over public lands. The next CM has to act as if voter consent is a precondition for any major public-asset transaction, not a backstop. That's a deceptively significant constraint on how the CM and commission strategize around the casino, the golf course, and the beach.

7. Language access is operational, not symbolic. ~50% Hispanic, 40.7% foreign-born, 20th-highest Guatemalan and 21st-highest Haitian concentration in the US. Code enforcement, utility billing, evacuation orders, and water-quality alerts need at minimum trilingual posture (English-Spanish-Haitian Creole), with Mayan-language pathways for highest-impact safety messages. The Compass dispute and the Head Start eviction both surfaced as instances where the city's communications didn't match its demographic reality. A CM who can name that gap and propose a concrete language-access plan in week one will land.

8. The CRA is the most consequential operational counterparty most candidates will under-prepare for. $4.15M annual TIF + $4.4M HUD PRO Housing + $850K Frankel earmark + WMODA + Gulfstream + Lake Worth Station all run through CRA executive director Joan Oliva and the CRA board. The CM-CRA interface is not standardized in Florida and has been a recurring source of friction in peer cities. The interview should include explicit conversation about coordination model, decision rights, and information flow. Charles's econ-dev background makes this his most natural strength territory — and a place to demonstrate fluency that generic CM candidates won't have.

9. Ed Liberty is irreplaceable. FMEA President + APPA Mark Crisson Award + 40 years experience + the SHRIP/GRIP delivery track record. Any CM who shows up signaling "fresh perspective" on the utility risks losing him. The right CM signals stewardship of the team that built the A1 upgrade, not redirection of it.

10. The next CM's first big crisis is unlikely to be H.O.R.I.Z.O.N. 2.0 — it's likely to be Bryant Park. HB 1365 private right of action plus the February 2026 event-permit ordinance plus a likely First Amendment challenge plus a $500K Park Ranger program in FY27 budget plus a chronically homeless population concentrated in a tourist-adjacent waterfront park = a high-probability operational crisis on a 6-12 month horizon. The CM who walks in with an HB 1365 enforcement framework in hand will land — the one who doesn't will inherit a crisis on day one.

15. Source & Confidence Notes

Major claims, sources, and markers. Failure-mode tags carried through from streams.

Anchor corrections folded in

• Anchor said "McCoy"; correct spelling is McVoy (per city site and votemcvoy.com). Multiple media outlets misspell.
• Anchor said Jamie Brown was still interim; correct: Brown resigned April 21, 2026; Troy Perry is current Interim CM.
• Anchor said "Beaches Energy Services"; that is Jacksonville Beach. LWBEU brand is "Citizen Owned Energy."
• Anchor's principal-employer roster was a stale ACFR snapshot. FY24 ACFR Statistical Section lists PBSC 2,393, Eastern Metal Supply 800, Musa Holdings 700, City 365, Bomar Trimming 350.
• Anchor said GF total unknown; FY26 proposed GF is $53,592,853 (✓ FY26 1st Public Hearing PDF p.18).

16. All sources (consolidated)

• anthonysegrich.com — Segrich Ballotpedia / campaign cross-references (see Florida Politics primary)
• aol.com · https://www.aol.com/articles/electric-bills-rising-28-000-142225551.html — Jan 2026 PCA increase
• bairdmaritime.com · https://www.bairdmaritime.com/marine-projects/dredging/beach-renourishment-projects-set-for-2025-in-palm-beach-florida — 2025 Palm Beach renourishment
• ballotpedia.org · https://ballotpedia.org/Anthony_Segrich_(Lake_Worth_Beach_City_Commissioner_Board_District_4,_Florida,_candidate_2025) — Segrich profile
• bankrate.com · https://www.bankrate.com/real-estate/housing-market/fl/lake-worth/ — LWB housing market
• bls.gov · https://www.bls.gov/news.release/laus.htm — state employment release
• bls.gov · https://www.bls.gov/regions/southeast/fl_westpalmbeach_md.htm — WPB MSA
• bocamag.com · https://bocamag.com/lake-worth-beach-addresses-panhandling-ordinances/ — 2022 panhandling lawsuit
• bocapost.com · https://bocapost.com/real-estate/lake-worth-station-rises-on-north-g-street-with-91-apartments-including-workforce-units/ — Lake Worth Station
• bocaratontribune.com · https://www.bocaratontribune.com/bocaratonnews/2025/11/residences-at-lake-worth-groundbreaking/ — Residences at Lake Worth groundbreak Nov 2025
• bocaratontribune.com · https://www.bocaratontribune.com/bocaratonnews/2025/03/palm-beach-county-community-services-department-2025-homeless-point-in-time-count-results/ — 2025 PIT results
• byjoecapozzi.com · https://www.byjoecapozzi.com/post/divided-lake-worth-beach-city-commission-fires-city-manager — Davis firing
• byjoecapozzi.com · https://www.byjoecapozzi.com/post/lwb-commissioners-back-interim-city-manager-for-permanent-job-even-if-he-won-t-interview-for-it — Aug 2025 Brown coalition
• byjoecapozzi.com · https://www.byjoecapozzi.com/post/charter-gives-voters-critical-say-over-massive-proposal-to-remake-lake-worth-beach-oceanfront-gol — H.O.R.I.Z.O.N. and charter
• byjoecapozzi.com · https://www.byjoecapozzi.com/post/short-term-vacation-rentals-are-illegal-in-lake-worth-beach-so-why-won-t-the-city-crack-down — STR non-enforcement
• cbs12.com · https://cbs12.com/news/local/lake-worth-beach-city-manager-fired-carmen-davis-evaluation-meeting-mayor-betty-resch-vice-mayor-christopher-mccoy-commissioners-vote-termination-florida-december-12-2023 — Davis firing
• cbs12.com · https://cbs12.com/news/local/lake-worth-beach-florida-shifts-grant-request-after-new-dei-law-blocks-compass-community-center-project-dei-law-lgbtq-diveristy-sb-1134-desantis-diveristy-equity-inclusion — Compass / SB 1134
• cbs12.com · https://cbs12.com/news/local/palm-beach-county-administrator-joe-abruzzo-restores-308000-for-compass-lgbtq-center-ac-and-elevator-repairs — Abruzzo restoration
• cbs12.com · https://cbs12.com/news/local/lake-worth-beach-utility-rates-electric-power-florida-orlando-natural-gas — 2022 utility rate spike
• cbs12.com · https://cbs12.com/news/local/florida-affordable-housing-news-lake-worth-beach-to-receive-850000-dollars-federal-grant-to-expand-affordable-housing-community-congresswoman-lois-frankel-e-cras-attainable-housing-project — $850K Frankel
• cbs12.com · https://cbs12.com/news/local/guatemalan-maya-center-helping-hispanic-community-be-represented-in-2020-census — Guatemalan-Maya Center census
• censusreporter.org · https://censusreporter.org/profiles/16000US1239081-lake-worth-beach-fl/ — LWB profile
• citizenownedenergy.com · https://citizenownedenergy.com/about-us/ — LWBEU about
• citizenownedenergy.com · https://citizenownedenergy.com/the-city-of-lake-worth-beach-was-awarded-an-unprecedented-23-4-million-in-a-landmark-doe-grant-for-electric-utility-infrastructure-improvements/ — DOE GRIP
• citizenownedenergy.com · https://citizenownedenergy.com/lake-worth-beach-electric-utilities-improves-reliability-with-saidi-below-40-minutes/ — SAIDI
• citizenownedenergy.com · https://citizenownedenergy.com/a-great-leap-in-storm-protection-and-reliability/ — SHRIP outcomes
• citizenownedenergy.com · https://citizenownedenergy.com/whistling-duck-solar-energy-center-completion/ — Whistling Duck
• citizenownedenergy.com · https://citizenownedenergy.com/city-of-lake-worth-beachs-ed-liberty-honored-with-national-leadership-award/ — Liberty APPA Crisson
• citizenownedenergy.com · https://citizenownedenergy.com/lake-worth-beach-electric-utility-is-ranked-5th-lowest-cost-in-the-state/ — rate ranking
• citizenownedenergy.com · https://citizenownedenergy.com/moodys-rating-upgrade/ — Moody's upgrade
• coastalengineering proceedings (icce-ojs-tamu.tdl.org) · https://icce-ojs-tamu.tdl.org/icce/article/view/1915 — Lake Worth Inlet Sand Transfer Plant
• discover.pbc.gov · https://discover.pbc.gov/pbcfr/Pages/default.aspx — PBCFR
• discover.pbcgov.org · https://discover.pbcgov.org/Intergovernmental-Affairs/LegislativeDelegation/PDF/2025-2026-Delegation-Roster.pdf — PBC delegation
• discover.pbcgov.org · https://discover.pbcgov.org/publicsafety/dem/ems/Pages/EMS_Dico.aspx — PBC DEM
• discover.pbcgov.org · https://discover.pbcgov.org/erm/pages/beaches.aspx — PBC ERM beaches
• distancefromto.net · https://www.distancefromto.net/distance-from-lake-worth-us-to-west-palm-beach-us — distance
• edr.state.fl.us · https://edr.state.fl.us/Content/local-government/data/revenues-expenditures/munifiscal.cfm — FL EDR muni fiscal
• emma.msrb.org · https://emma.msrb.org/ — bond disclosure
• en.wikipedia.org · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Worth_Beach,_Florida — LWB profile
• en.wikipedia.org · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lori_Berman — Berman
• en.wikipedia.org · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida's_89th_House_of_Representatives_district — HD 89
• en.wikipedia.org · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_Beach_County_Fire_Rescue — PBCFR
• energy.gov · https://www.energy.gov/nepa/articles/cx-031617-system-hardening-and-reliability-improvement-program-shrip — DOE NEPA SHRIP
• fdep / floridadep.gov · https://floridadep.gov/rcp/beaches-inlets-ports/documents/lake-worth-inlet-management-implementation-plan — Lake Worth Inlet IMP
• floridadep.gov · https://floridadep.gov/rcp/beaches-inlets-ports/documents/south-lake-worth-inlet-management-plan — South Lake Worth Inlet
• floridadep.gov · https://floridadep.gov/water/siting-coordination-office/content/tom-g-smith-power-plant — Tom G. Smith plant
• findenergy.com · https://findenergy.com/providers/city-of-lake-worth-utilities/ — LWBEU profile
• flauditor.gov · https://flauditor.gov/pages/mun_efile%20rpts/2024%20lake%20worth%20beach.pdf — FY24 ACFR
• flauditor.gov · https://flauditor.gov/pages/mun_efile%20rpts/2023%20lake%20worth%20beach.pdf — FY23 ACFR
• flhouse.gov · https://www.flhouse.gov/Sections/Representatives/details.aspx?MemberId=4924&LegislativeTermId=91 — Rep. Tendrich
• flpublicpower.com · https://www.flpublicpower.com/news/-moodys-ratings-upgrades-lake-worth-beach-fls-utility-revenue-rating-to-a1 — Moody's A1
• flsenate.gov · https://www.flsenate.gov/Senators/s26?pref=full — Sen. Berman
• flsenate.gov · https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2024/1365/Analyses/h1365z.LFS.PDF — HB 1365 staff analysis
• floridapolitics.com · https://floridapolitics.com/archives/410615-lake-worth-beach-voters-oust-triolo/ — 2021 mayor
• floridapolitics.com · https://floridapolitics.com/archives/667663-lake-worth-beach-runoff-betty-resch/ — Resch 2024 runoff
• floridapolitics.com · https://floridapolitics.com/archives/728205-anthony-segrich-wins-runoff-for-lake-worth-beach-commission/ — Segrich runoff
• floridapolitics.com · https://floridapolitics.com/archives/727790-jupiter-and-lake-worth-beach-have-runoff-elections-tuesday-to-settle-council-commission-races/ — Jupiter + LWB runoffs
• floridapolitics.com · https://floridapolitics.com/archives/705490-hd-89-debra-tendrich-daniel-zapata-2024/ — Tendrich 2024
• floridamayors.org · https://www.floridamayors.org/betty-resch/ — Resch FL League of Mayors
• fortune.com · https://fortune.com/2026/04/19/west-palm-beach-luxury-housing-market-road-closures-security-measures-exclusive/ — PB luxury market
• guatemalanmaya.org · https://www.guatemalanmaya.org/post/u-s-census-why-did-lake-worth-beach-see-a-20-percent-population-increase — Guatemalan-Maya Center
• historicalsocietyoflakeworthfl.org · https://historicalsocietyoflakeworthfl.org/?page_id=156 — 1913 incorporation
• hlcpbc.org · https://www.hlcpbc.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Narrative-Report-on-Workforce-and-Affordable-Housing-Development-in-Palm-Beach-County.pdf — workforce housing
• homelesstrust.org · https://www.homelesstrust.org/homeless-trust/news-and-events/2025-01-17-homelessness-action-plan-hb1365.page — HB 1365 action plan
• huduser.gov · https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/cp/CHAS/bg_chas.html — CHAS
• interconnection.fyi · https://www.interconnection.fyi/eia/project/673-s3 — Tom G. Smith EIA
• islands.com · https://www.islands.com/1958972/palm-beach-florida-town-millionaires-state-rich/ — PB millionaires
• lakeworthartsplan.com · https://www.lakeworthartsplan.com/how-do-local-businesses-support-the-arts-in-palm-beach-county — arts economic impact
• lakeworthbeach.retailstrategies.com · https://lakeworthbeach.retailstrategies.com/community-development/ — Retail Strategies
• lakeworthbeachcra.org · https://www.lakeworthbeachcra.org/ — LWB CRA
• lakeworthbeachcra.org · https://www.lakeworthbeachcra.org/about/2026_capital_project_buget/index.php — CRA FY26 capital
• lakeworthbeachcra.org · https://www.lakeworthbeachcra.org/about/budgets.php — CRA budgets
• lakeworthbeachcra.org · https://www.lakeworthbeachcra.org/about/goals,_objectives___performance_measures.php — CRA goals
• lakeworthbeachcra.org · https://www.lakeworthbeachcra.org/contact/contact_cra_board.php — CRA Board
• lakeworthbeachcra.org · https://www.lakeworthbeachcra.org/projects___programs/current___upcoming_projects/downtown_redevelopment.php — downtown redevelopment
• lakeworthbeachcra.org · https://www.lakeworthbeachcra.org/resources/plans_and_documents/cultural_master_plan.php — Cultural Master Plan
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/ — city main
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/advisory-boards — Advisory Boards
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/advisory-boards/community-redevelopment-agency — CRA Board
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/advisory-boards/electric-utility-board — EUB
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/advisory-boards/planning-and-zoning-board — P&Z
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/directory — directory
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/directory/solid-waste-and-recycling — solid waste
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/government/city-charter — charter page
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/government/city-commission — commission
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/government/city-manager — CM page
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/government/commission-agendas-and-minutes — agendas
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/government/comprehensive-plan — Comp Plan
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/government/finance — Finance
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/government/gulfstream-hotel-project — Gulfstream
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/government/voting-and-elections/ — elections
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/hurricane-and-flood — Hurricane & Flood
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/library — Library
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/locations/fire-rescue — Fire Rescue
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/meeting-notices — meeting notices
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/meeting-notice/special-city-commission-meeting-potential-charter-amendments-and-pbso-priorities-2025-10-06 — Oct 6 2025 special meeting
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/news/more-affordable-housing-coming-to-lake-worth-beach — affordable housing news
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/news/lake-worth-beach-proactive-storm-preparation-milton — Milton prep
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/news/city-of-lake-worth-beach-proactively-prepares-for-the-effects-of-hurricane-helene — Helene prep
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/news/city-of-lake-worth-beach-electric-utility-director-elected-president-of-florida-municipal-electric-association-board-of-directors — Liberty FMEA Pres
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/news/city-of-lake-worth-beach-electric-utility-to-begin-receiving-solar-energy-from-rice-creek-solar-energy-center — Rice Creek
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/news/city-of-lake-worth-beach-electric-utilities-fmpa-and-origis-energy-announce-completion-of-whistling-duck-solar-energy-center — Whistling Duck completion
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/news/press-release-electric-utility-rates — Jan 2024 utility rates
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/news/public-notification-for-city-of-lake-worth-beach-to-alter-water-chlorination-process — chlorination
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/planning-and-zoning/historic-preservation — Historic Preservation
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/planning-and-zoning/vacation-short-term-rentals — STRs
• lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://lakeworthbeachfl.gov/recreation — Recreation
• lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com · https://lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com/p/jamie-brown-resigns-as-lake-worth — Brown resignation
• lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com · https://lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com/p/lake-worth-beachs-next-city-manager — next CM salary
• lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com · https://lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com/p/replace-interim-city-manager-before — replace interim
• lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com · https://lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com/p/city-commissioner-goes-all-in-on — Segrich charter
• lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com · https://lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com/p/city-commissioner-sarah-malega-will — Malega 2027 retirement
• lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com · https://lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com/p/kim-stokes-vote-no-on-2-and-3-march — Stokes op-ed
• lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com · https://lakeworthbeachindependent.substack.com/p/palm-beach-county-restores-federal — Compass restoration
• lakeworthfl.opengov.com · https://lakeworthfl.opengov.com/ — OpenGov portal
• library.municode.com · https://library.municode.com/fl/lake_worth_beach/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=PTISUA — Municode
• lulalakeworth (lakewortharts.com) · https://www.lakewortharts.com/ — LULA arts
• lwbassets.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com · https://lwbassets.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/documents/utilities/electric/2024/rates/fy2025-rate-schedule-nov1.pdf — FY25 rate schedule
• lwbassets.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com · https://lwbassets.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/documents/utilities/water/2022-annual-drinking-water-quality-reportl.pdf — 2022 CCR
• lwbassets.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com · https://lwbassets.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/documents/utilities/electric/annual-reports/2022-2023-electric-utility-annual-report.pdf — Electric Annual Report
• lwbdata.sfo3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com · https://lwbdata.sfo3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/clerk/Lake%20Worth%20Beach%20Charter.pdf — Charter PDF
• lwdd.net · https://www.lwdd.net/news/public-records-and-you — LWDD records
• mccmeetingspublic.blob.core.usgovcloudapi.net · https://mccmeetingspublic.blob.core.usgovcloudapi.net/lakewthfl-meet-cb833870e81c4b608fad8f9e07ee39b0/ITEM-Attachment-001-eece7fdaa0754a7999e81cbf07905de4.pdf — FY26 1st Public Hearing
• mccmeetingspublic.blob.core.usgovcloudapi.net · https://mccmeetingspublic.blob.core.usgovcloudapi.net/lakewthfl-meet-c8631f8ef1b644318d21fc99ef9b0025/ITEM-Attachment-001-b5be990f10a7479fb926a3ed6398bfc8.pdf — Power Supply RFP 2025
• meetings.municode.com · https://meetings.municode.com/adaHtmlDocument/index?cc=LAKEWTHFL&me=deb13f3f43aa40e3aaa088e18062d01a&ip=false — Res 20-2025
• mimimay.com · https://www.mimimay.com/ — Mimi May campaign
• moodys.com · https://www.moodys.com/credit-ratings/Lake-Worth-Beach-City-of-FL-credit-rating-600024261 — Moody's issuer
• myfloridalegal.com · https://www.myfloridalegal.com/sites/default/files/government-in-the-sunshine-manual.pdf — FL AG Sunshine Manual
• olympicbehavioralhealth.com · https://olympicbehavioralhealth.com/florida/lake-worth/ — LWB overview
• outsfl.com · https://outsfl.com/palm-beach-county/county-reverses-course-approves-funding-for-compass-lgbtq-center-in-lake-worth-beach — Compass restoration
• palmbeachmpo.org · https://palmbeachmpo.org/board/ — TPA Board
• palmbeachstate.edu · https://www.palmbeachstate.edu/locations/lake-worth/default.aspx — PBSC Lake Worth
• pbcpao.gov · https://pbcpao.gov/trim/hearings.htm — PBC Property Appraiser
• pbcpba.org · https://pbcpba.org/agency-info/contracts-mous/ — PBC PBA contracts
• pbcpba.org · https://www.pbcpba.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/MASTER-CBA-LE-2021-2024-session-2.pdf — Master CBA 2021-2024
• pbso.org · https://www.pbso.org/our-communities/south-regional-bureau/d14 — PBSO D14
• pbso.org · https://www.pbso.org/ — PBSO main
• portal.lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://portal.lakeworthbeachfl.gov/ — service portal
• portal.lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://portal.lakeworthbeachfl.gov/public-records-request/ — public records portal
• redevelopment.net · https://redevelopment.net/2025/01/lake-worth-beach-cra-riviera-beach-cra-awarded-4400000-from-the-u-s-dept-of-housing-urban-development-to-address-the-housing-crisis/ — $4.4M HUD
• redevelopment.net · https://redevelopment.net/2025/04/restoration-of-iconic-gulfstream-hotel-in-lake-worth-beach-gaining-momentum/ — Gulfstream restoration
• resourcecenters.com · https://www.resourcecenters.com/ — pension admin
• sefloridadailynews.com · https://sefloridadailynews.com/lake-worth-beach-is-hiring-a-recruiting-company-to-find-a-new-city-manager/ — Sumter hire
• stetnews.org · https://stetnews.org/2025/07/27/should-lake-worth-beach-commissioner-use-city-meetings-to-raise-alligator-alcatraz-concerns-his-colleagues-say-no/ — McVoy Alligator Alcatraz
• sumterlocalgovconsulting.com · https://sumterlocalgovconsulting.com/about/ — Sumter LGC
• tcrpc.org · https://www.tcrpc.org/programs___services/urban_design___town_planning/portfolio_of_urban_design___town_planning_work/lake_worth_beach_downtown_parcels_master_plan.php — TCRPC Downtown Master Plan
• therealdeal.com · https://therealdeal.com/miami/2025/09/03/richman-group-obtains-loans-for-lake-worth-beach-project/ — Richman $62M
• thehomelessplan.org · https://www.thehomelessplan.org/ — PBC homeless plan
• unionfpd.org · https://unionfpd.org/pmsa/ — PMSA reference
• utilities.lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://utilities.lakeworthbeachfl.gov/ — Utilities main
• utilities.lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://utilities.lakeworthbeachfl.gov/electric-rates — electric rates
• utilities.lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://utilities.lakeworthbeachfl.gov/information-on-rates — info on rates
• utilities.lakeworthbeachfl.gov · https://utilities.lakeworthbeachfl.gov/water-sewer-and-storm — water/sewer/storm
• votemcvoy.com · https://www.votemcvoy.com/ — McVoy campaign
• wesblackman.blogspot.com · https://wesblackman.blogspot.com/2018_11_04_archive.html — Neighborhood Road Bond
• westerncity.com — council-staff boundary (referenced)
• wflx.com · https://www.wflx.com/2026/04/08/lake-worth-beach-aims-high-with-competitive-pay-city-manager-search/ — CM pay band
• wflx.com · https://www.wflx.com/2026/03/11/lake-worth-beach-voters-reject-charter-amendments-public-land-leases/ — charter defeats
• wflx.com · https://www.wflx.com/2025/12/22/palm-beach-county-sheriffs-office-ends-law-enforcement-services-loxahatchee-groves-over-payment-dispute/ — PBSO Loxahatchee
• wflx.com · https://www.wflx.com/2025/11/18/stay-or-go-new-ordinances-could-impact-lake-worth-beachs-homeless-populations/ — homeless ordinances
• wflx.com · https://www.wflx.com/2025/10/07/lake-worth-beach-commissioners-debate-charter-changes-potential-oceanfront-development/ — charter debate
• wflx.com · https://www.wflx.com/2025/09/24/proposal-redevelop-lake-worth-beachs-oceanfront-property-receives-pushback-residents/ — H.O.R.I.Z.O.N. pushback
• wflx.com · https://www.wflx.com/2025/06/18/lake-worth-beach-considers-permits-groups-feeding-homeless-public-parks/ — food-share permits
• wflx.com · https://www.wflx.com/2025/05/22/concerns-over-homelessness-bryant-park-spill-into-downtown-lake-worth-beach/ — Bryant Park
• wjno.iheart.com · https://wjno.iheart.com/featured/election-spotlight/content/2026-01-23-lake-worth-beach-5-ballot-referendums-to-change-city-charter/ — 5 charter referendums preview
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2023-12-12/lake-worth-beach-city-manager-fire-palm-beach — Davis firing
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/news-in-brief/2025-03-25/lake-worth-beach-district-four-election-runoff — District 4 runoff
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2025-03-26/homelessness-palm-beach-county — PIT 2025
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/news-in-brief/2025-08-25/78-million-workforce-affordable-housing-units-moving-forward-in-lake-worth-beach — $78M workforce housing
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2026-02-04/lake-worth-beach-events-homeless-city-parks — Feb 2026 event-permit ordinance
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2026-03-03/battle-for-the-beach-and-parks-lake-worth-voters-to-decide-fate-of-public-land-and-99-year-leases — charter preview
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/light/government-politics/2026-03-11/election-results-boca-mayor-lake-worth-beach-amendments — election results
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2024-04-17/affordable-housing-homelessness-palm-beach-county — affordable housing crisis
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2024-05-08/palm-beach-county-affordable-housing-crisis-200-million-bond — $200M housing bond
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/development/2024-04-26/florida-affordable-housing-first-buyer-palm-beach-county-lake-worth — $200K 3-br new builds
• wlrn.org · https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2024-06-26/affordable-housing-help-dashboard-palm-beach-county-crisis — affordable-housing dashboard
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/region-c-palm-beach-county/lake-worth-beach/lake-worth-beach-interim-city-manager-resigns-amid-ongoing-search-for-permanent-leader — Brown resignation
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/news/political/elections-local/betty-resch-reelected-lake-worth-beach-mayor-in-runoff — Resch runoff
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/news/palm-beach-county/region-c-palm-beach-county/lake-worth-beach-riviera-beach-cras-awarded-4-4-million-federal-grant-to-help-with-housing-crisis — CRA $4.4M
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/money/real-estate-news/lake-worth-beach-cra-receives-850-000-federal-grant-for-affordable-housing — CRA $850K
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/region-c-palm-beach-county/lake-worth-beach/proposed-cultural-campus-in-lake-worth-beach-sparks-debate-over-costs — cultural campus debate
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/region-c-palm-beach-county/lake-worth-beach/were-going-to-lose-millions-2-florida-bills-could-eliminate-cras-statewide — CRA preemption
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/region-c-palm-beach-county/lake-worth-beach/city-of-lake-worth-beach-ditching-coal-power-for-solar-energy — coal exit
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/news/region-c-palm-beach-county/lake-worth/million-dollar-project-to-help-with-flooding-in-lake-worth-beach — drainage project
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/news/region-n-palm-beach-county/jupiter/jupiter-town-council-directs-staff-to-create-its-own-fire-department — Jupiter exploring own fire dept
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/news/palm-beach-county/cases-of-homelessness-in-palm-beach-county-decreased-advisory-board-says — PBC homelessness
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/news/region-c-palm-beach-county/lake-worth/are-short-term-rentals-are-allowed-in-lake-worth-beach — STR question
• wptv.com · https://www.wptv.com/region-c-palm-beach-county/lake-worth-beach/new-apartments-in-lake-worth-beach-will-be-nearly-entirely-workforce-housing — workforce housing apartments
• yahoo.com · https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/electric-bills-rising-28-000-142225954.html — Jan 2026 PCA increase
• yahoo.com · https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/electric-bills-rising-28-000-142225551.html — Jan 2026 PCA (variant)
• yahoo.com · https://www.yahoo.com/news/hurricane-milton-tens-thousands-palm-114646334.html — Milton outages
• yahoo.com · https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/lake-worth-beachs-economy-could-184152535.html — Hyatt + Nicklaus concept
• ziprecruiter.com · https://www.ziprecruiter.com/c/Sumter-Local-Government-Consulting/Job/City-Manager/-in-Lake-Worth,FL?jid=bdbbec5726f99f1b — Sumter posting